"Good-Bad Boss": How to Recognize the Worst Leadership Style

It's often said that nothing is worse at work than an abusive boss who terrorizes employees with aggression. But as scientists have discovered, there is something worse. A new type of toxic leadership — the "good-bad boss" — undermines team morale more subtly but far more deeply.

It's often said that nothing is worse at work than an abusive boss who terrorizes employees with aggression. But as scientists have discovered, there is something worse. A new type of toxic leadership — the "good-bad boss" — undermines team morale more subtly but far more deeply.

A study involving 650 employees from the US and Europe revealed this unexpected phenomenon. The "good-bad boss" alternates between bursts of aggression and ethical leadership. One day they are yelling at employees, and the next, they are handing out praise and promising support.

Why is this dangerous? The constant mood swings of such a leader lead to moral exhaustion, stress, and even demoralization of the team. Employees feel as if they are walking on eggshells, unsure which version of their boss they will face each day.

Even worse, this stress can affect those who haven’t directly experienced the boss's toxic behavior. The unstable atmosphere spreads tension, infecting the entire team.

According to lead researcher Dr. Haoying Xu, higher management often ignores such behavior. If aggression is occasional rather than constant, it is often tolerated. However, scientists have proven that such unpredictability can cause more harm to a team than outright harsh leadership.

How to Protect Yourself

1. Recognize the problem. If your boss often switches between being "good cop" and "bad cop," it's a red flag.
2. Don’t blame yourself. Toxic behavior is the boss's issue, not yours.
3. Seek peer support. A united team can help reduce stress.
4. Speak up. If your workplace culture allows, address the issue with HR or upper management.

Problems with bosses come in many forms, but remember that your psychological well-being is just as important as your paycheck and career growth. Don’t stay silent — you may be able to change the toxic dynamic for the better.